Button raw brass history of development

To date, the earliest copper products found in the world have been found mainly in West Asia, such as in the Javier Cheemi area in Iraq, with copper decorations dating from approximately 10,000 BC to 9,000 BC; Ali, Western Iran • Copper ornaments have also been discovered in the Kashgar region from 9,000 BC to 7,000 BC; copper needles and copper cones were found in the Chayuni site in southern Turkey, dating back to approximately 8,000 BC. These copper products are made of natural copper, not copper obtained by smelting ores.

From the use of pure copper to the smelting of copper ore to pure copper and to smelt bronze alloys, humankind has gone through a rather long period of exploration. It is like the use of copper to create a shimmering time and space in the magical world. tunnel.

The earliest smelting copper in the world was found in Shaanxi, China. In 1973, a semicircular brass piece and a brass tube were found in the Linzhai Jiangzhai cultural site in Shaanxi Province. The age was measured around 4700 BC. It is worth pointing out that recently, using X-ray fluorescence surface scanning analysis at the Shanghai light source, it was found that the zinc content in different areas of Jiang Zhai Brass sheet was significantly different, while the lead elements were scattered in spots and their characteristics were compared with those prepared by solid state reduction method. The copper is exactly the same, which proves that the ancestors used the thermal calcination method or the solid reduction method to smelt metal between the use of natural metal and the invention of metal casting. [1]

China's earliest use of brass cast money began in the Jiajing period.

The term "brass" was first seen in the Shenyi Classics of the Western Han Dynasty by the Eastern Han Dynasty in the Western Han Dynasty: "There is a palace in the northwest, a brass wall, and the title of the Palace of the Emperor of Japan."

This "brass" refers to what kind of copper alloy, pending. "New Tang Book Food and Money" has the titles of "bronze" and "brass" respectively, referring to the color of ore and smelting products, the pit has a special name, and the mountain is full of Park", referring to the pure pyrotechnic refining. copper.

The term brass refers exclusively to copper-zinc alloys, which began in the Ming Dynasty and its records are found in

brass

brass

The Ming Huidian: "The Jiajing Zhongshi case, Tongbao Qianmiao 6 million texts, and the combined use of the two fires brass 47,727 pounds...." Through the analysis of the composition of the copper coins of the Ming Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty Code was found. The real brass of the cast money mentioned in the article is much later than the other copper alloys because of the difficulty in obtaining the metal zinc in the brass.

Zinc oxide can be quickly reduced to metal zinc at a temperature of 950°C to 1000°C, while liquid zinc boils at 906°C, so the reduced metal zinc is present as a vapor. When the reaction is reversed during cooling, the vapor zinc is reoxidized into zinc oxide in the furnace. Therefore, special condensing devices must be provided for the metal zinc. This is the reason why the use of metallic zinc is much later than the use of copper, lead, tin, and iron, and it is also one of the reasons for the late emergence of brass coins.

The zinc content of the bronzes during the Shang and Zhou dynasties was very low, generally on the order of 10-z. The money in the Western Han Dynasty and New Year's Eve has some copper, zinc, and zinc coins. Some of them contain 7% of zinc, but this does not mean that brass-cast money will come from the West Han Dynasty. Because these copper-zinc alloys are extremely rare phenomena, their zinc content is generally much lower than the true value of 15% to 40% of the zinc content of brass. Therefore, we believe that these zinc-containing copper coins were generated during the Han Dynasty when the copper-zinc symbiotic mineral was used in "Ishan Mountain Casting Money." According to a survey of the relevant mines, it has been found that Changyi, Yantai, Linyi, and Hubei in Shandong Province all have abundant copper-zinc symbiotic minerals. This results in the smelted copper containing a small amount of zinc. In the Tang Dynasty, due to the standardization of money-casting materials, the content of zinc in coins cast was constant.

Since about 1230 AD, brass products have been popular in Europe for about 300 years because they are much cheaper than large sculptures. The bronze statue of Archbishop Wilp, which began in 1231, is the earliest known bronze statue made by brass. The process of casting brass products is as follows: The crushed zinc ore and charcoal are mixed and heated with a copper block, so that zinc and copper are combined, and the alloy is melted by heating, and then the copper liquid is poured into the mold. The earliest brass fittings in the United Kingdom were imported, mainly imported from Tours. The client can order complete tombstones already installed in a beautiful floor or marble base from Tourne. The way to make bronze tombstones is to cast a bronze statue first. Usually the silhouette of the surrounding picket is also cast. It is then placed in a prefabricated slate, and a person's details are carved on the bronze statue with a knife. Sometimes alabaster or other inlaid materials are used on the bronze figure's hands and face. After the bronze statue is completely finished, it is fixed on the stone base with the dark pin installed in the lead bolt. The bronze statue itself is placed on a layer of asphalt. Large bronze statues are cast in sections and then joined together.

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