Printing and dyeing knowledge: the most used salt in the printing and dyeing industry

The most used chemicals in the printing and dyeing industry are: Salt! Here are two types of strong acid and alkali salts for science and technology: Yuan Mingfen and salt.

First, the source of Yuan Mingfen and salt

1, Yuan Mingfen:

Yuan Mingfen, scientific name of sodium sulfate (Na2SO4), can be generated by the reaction of sulfuric acid with sodium hydroxide: H2SO4 + 2NaOH → Na2SO4 + 2H2O.

Industrialized Yuan Mingfen is not produced by acid-base reaction. Generally there are two sources:

One is from Salt Lake, which is produced by evaporation, freezing, and other methods;

Another type of by-product Yuan Mingfen, such as the acid-alkali neutralizing by-products of chemical plants and chemical fiber plants, is widely seen in the market as a byproduct of viscose fiber production. Many large-scale viscose manufacturers The by-product Yuan Mingfen can meet the conditions used by printing and dyeing companies. Individual viscose production companies are relatively acidic and are not suitable for dyeing.

Another form of sodium sulfate sodium sulfate decahydrate, commonly known as Glauber's salt, some printing and dyeing plants are also used, the cost is lower than Yuan Mingfen.

2, salt:

Salt, scientific name sodium chloride (NaCl), can be obtained from the reaction of hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide in the laboratory: HCI+NaOH→NaCI+H2O.

Industrially produced salt also generally comes from two sources:

1, sea salt drying, and then purified, can be used for our food, the same can also be used for printing and dyeing, our sea water is rich, sea salt cost is low;

2. Underground mineral salt, which is dissolved by adding water to the underground mineral salt layer, and then evaporated and purified. The mineral salt is also sold in many supermarkets. Adding iodine is what we often call iodized salt.

Regardless of Yuan Mingfen and salt, because it belongs to large chemical products, the transportation cost accounts for a large part of the final sales price. Therefore, when printing and dyeing companies choose Yuanmingfen or salt, they must consider the distance more closely. Production supplier.

Second, the use of Yuan Mingfen and salt in printing and dyeing

1. Accelerant:

Yuan Mingfen and salt can be used as direct dyes, sulfur dyes, vat dyes, reactive dyes, soluble vat dyes and other dyes when dyeing cellulose fibers. When there are more residual dyes in dyeing liquor, Yuan Mingfen or salt can be added as an electrolyte, which can reduce the solubility and ionization concentration of the dye in water, and promote the combination of dye and fiber, so as to achieve the effect of promoting dyeing. When dyeing dark colors, it is necessary to properly select the amount of Sang Ming or salt according to different types of dyes, so as to avoid the formation of stains due to aggregation of dyes caused by adding too much or too fast.

2, retarder:

Yuan Mingfen and salt can also be used as a slow dyeing agent for acid dyes and cationic dyes. It can achieve level dyeing requirements by reducing the speed of fiber absorption of dyes. The principle is that the sulfate and chloride ions in Yuan Mingfen and salt can form ion binding with the amino group on the fiber during the low-temperature dyeing cook stage, and then the dye molecules gradually replace the sulfate or chloride ion with the increase of temperature. Fiber binding.

3, anti-staining agent:

Yuan Mingfen and salt are added when the colored fabrics and printed fabrics are washed in the back lane, which can play a certain white anti-sticking effect. Of course, a large number of surfactants are now used, such as malic acid copolymers. Sodium salt, etc.) can better achieve anti-sticking effect.

4, enzyme activity accelerator:

Salt can be used as a textile enzyme in the production of enzyme for textile printing and production. For example, adding salt during desizing of amylase can improve the effect of enzyme desizing. However, Yuan Mingfen cannot, because sulfate ions are toxic to enzymes in principle.

Third, Yuan Mingfen and salt conversion and differences

1, the general printing and dyeing process, Yuan Mingfen and salt can be replaced by the same amount, the difference is that under normal circumstances, the use of Yuan Mingfen color more bright and bright, salt, then it will be a little darker, the reason should be salt contains The impurities and other metal ions are more.

2. Another difference is that Yuan Mingfen is relatively easy to agglomerate with salt, and it should be noted when it is stored and used.

3, then the conversion of Sodium Sulfate and Glauber's salt, usually Glauber's salt (sodium sulfate decahydrate) can be used according to 2.5 times the amount of SME.

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