The seven types of livestock and poultry manure treatment mode, Wenshi, Netease are in use!

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According to the "Opinions on Accelerating the Utilization of Recycling of Livestock and Poultry Wastes" issued by the State Council, it is clearly stated that by 2020, the comprehensive utilization rate of livestock and poultry in the country will reach more than 75%. How should the livestock and poultry farm implement the resource utilization of manure treatment? There are 7 typical modes for reference.

On the basis of promoting the treatment of livestock and poultry manure in various places, we collected and sorted out seven typical models for the treatment of livestock and poultry manure, in order to play a demonstration role.

Odor fermented bed mode

Improvement on the basis of traditional fermentation bed breeding, the litter is not directly in contact with the pigs, the pig house is free of flushing, the feces and urine pass through the slatted floor into the lower layer of litter or transferred to the fermentation tank where the litter is placed outside, and the feces are taken. The fermentation decomposition and harmless treatment of urine can be directly used as an organic fertilizer for farmland utilization after a period of time.

Main features of the model features: no sewage is produced during the feeding process, and the treatment cost is low.

The main shortcomings: large-scale promotion of litter purchase difficulty; high moisture content of manure and urine, long fermentation time, limited use in cold areas; high cost of construction of elevated fermentation beds.

Scope of application: It is mainly applicable to pig farms with limited farmland in the southern water network area. The outside fermentation bed is suitable for farms with an annual output of 1,000 to 2,000 heads. The elevated fermentation bed is suitable for large-scale farms.

Typical Case

1 small and medium-sized pig farm outside the fermentation bed

Taking the Wen family farm model as an example, the pigs have 500 heads per year, 1,000 heads per year, pig manure and urine are cleaned to the greenhouse outside the house, a fermenting bed is built in the greenhouse, and wood chips, rice husks, mushroom residue, etc. are laid at the bottom. Use mechanical (pipe) or artificially spread the waste and evenly pile up the pile, and regularly add the strain. The civil construction and equipment investment is 43,000 yuan. Each listed fat pig can increase the sales income of organic fertilizer by about 3 yuan to achieve zero discharge of sewage.

2 large-scale pig farm elevated fermentation bed

Taking Guangdong Dongrui Food Group Co., Ltd. as an example, a two-story elevated pig house is used to raise pigs. The upper layer raises pigs, and the lower layer uses the principle of microbial aerobic fermentation to absorb feces and urine with organic mats such as hibiscus to produce organic fertilizer. . The construction of the civil engineering and equipment of Wantou pig farm is about 6.2 million yuan, and the investment in sewage treatment facilities is reduced by about 1.8 million yuan. Compared with the traditional farming mode, the investment is increased by about 1.1 million. In terms of operating costs, the annual organic fertilizer income is 540,000 yuan. Every year, it needs 350,000 yuan of litter, labor costs, electricity costs and other expenses of 180,000 yuan, and the income and expenditure are basically balanced.

Sewage compliance discharge mode

The sewage produced by the farm is subjected to advanced treatment such as anaerobic fermentation + aerobic treatment, and the sewage reaches the "Pesticide Emission Standard for Livestock and Poultry Industry" (GB18596-2001, in which COD is lower than 400mg/L, NH3-N is lower than 80mg / L, TP is less than 8mg / L) or local standards directly discharged, solid manure for composting fermentation near the use of fertilizer or commissioned by others for centralized treatment.

The main advantages of the model features: after the advanced treatment of sewage, the discharge is up to standard; there is no need to build a large sewage storage tank, which can reduce the land for the waste storage facility.

The main shortcomings: high cost of sewage treatment, most farms are difficult to bear.

Scope of application: Applicable to large-scale pig farms or dairy farms with no supporting farmland around the farm.

Typical Case

1 scale pig farm sewage treatment to the standard discharge

Taking Zhejiang Meibaolong Breeding Pig Breeding Co., Ltd. as an example, the company has 2000 sows, high-efficiency solid-liquid separation system for sewage treatment, high-efficiency UASB anaerobic fermentation system, and four-stage biochemical combined treatment technology. The total investment of sewage treatment center is 8 million. Yuan, daily sewage treatment 240 tons, the total sewage treatment costs of about 6.2 yuan, after treatment, water discharge standards, part of the water circulation for seedling irrigation, aquatic vegetable cultivation and aquaculture.

2 large-scale pig farm sewage treatment and reuse

Take Netease Weiyang Anji pig farm as an example. At present, there are about 6,000 pigs in the pig farm. The manure is collected by “pig toilet”. The toilet is flushed regularly. The collected manure is first separated from solid and liquid. The separated sewage is “biological”. High-efficiency nitrogen and phosphorus removal (A / O) + "membrane bioreactor (MBR)" combination process, the total investment of sewage treatment facilities is about 2 million yuan, the current daily sewage treatment is about 50 tons, the operating cost of tons of sewage is about 8.7 yuan The treated effluent can reach COD≤150mg/L, ammonia nitrogen content≤10mg/L, and the final water reuse is used as the flushing water for “pig toilet”, which not only achieves “zero emission” but also saves fresh water consumption.

Manure collection

The manure, urine and sewage generated by the farm are collected and stored in the oxidation pond. The oxidation pond is divided into two types: open type and film type. The waste is stored in the oxidation pond for harmless treatment, and the farmland utilization is carried out in the fertilization season. .

Main features of the model features: low cost of construction, storage and storage facilities, and low processing and utilization costs; full collection of manure and sewage, high nutrient utilization.

The main shortcomings: the storage period of manure is generally more than half a year, and sufficient land is needed to construct the storage facility of the oxidation pond; the fertilization period is relatively concentrated, and specialized mixing equipment, fertilizing machinery, farmland application pipe network, etc. are needed; The cost is high and can only be applied within a certain range.

Scope of application: It is suitable for the automatic scraping and manure back-removal process of pigs in the septic process of dairy farms or dairy farms. The total solid content of manure is less than 15%; farmland that needs to be matched with manure and nutrient content is needed.

Typical Case

1 scale farms

Taking Jiaogang Lake Farm in Anhui Province as an example, the existing cultivated land area is 6,800 mu, mainly planting rice, wheat, soybeans and melons and vegetables. Large-scale pig farms have 13,000 pigs in stock, 13,000 cubic meters of membrane-type oxidation ponds and 40,000 cubic meters of open-type oxidation ponds. The storage time of manure is more than 9 months, and the total investment of the facilities is about 3 million yuan. The liquid manure after storage is integrated with fertilization by water and fertilizer through the farmland pipe network. Through planting and breeding, the annual efficiency can be increased by about 900,000 yuan.

2 third-party service group

Taking Heilongjiang Shuangcheng Beijing Danqingnuo and Animal Husbandry Technology Co., Ltd. as an example, based on regional small and medium-sized farms, there are 100 public manure storage pools, 50 manure draught machines and supporting machinery and equipment, collecting dairy farms in Shuangcheng area. 20,000 tons of manure in the pig farm (dry matter content is less than 12%), the collected manure is stored in a closed storage facility, and before the spring sowing and after the autumn harvest, the high-efficiency returning equipment is used, and the soil testing method is used. Quality and precision return to the field. The total investment is 14.2 million yuan, including 10.2 million yuan for service stations and transportation vehicles, 4 million yuan for farm waste storage tanks, and annual operating costs of 1.1 million yuan. The farm service fee is 200,000 yuan, and the manure farmland application fee is 1.12 million yuan, with a total annual income of 1.32 million yuan.

Manure specialization energy utilization mode

With the main purpose of specializing in the production of renewable energy, relying on specialized livestock and poultry treatment enterprises, collecting manure and sewage from surrounding farms, investing in large-scale biogas projects, conducting high-concentration anaerobic fermentation, biogas power generation or purifying biological natural gas, marsh The slag is used to produce organic fertilizer farmland, and the biogas slurry farmland utilization or advanced treatment is up to standard discharge.

Main features of the model: centralized treatment of manure and sewage in the farm, reducing investment in small-scale farm waste treatment facilities; professional operation, high energy efficiency.

The main shortcomings: high one-time investment; difficult use of energy products; large concentration of biogas production, high processing costs, and need to be followed by processing.

Scope of application: It is suitable for large-scale farms or aquaculture-intensive areas. It has the conditions for biogas power generation or biological natural gas to enter the pipeline network, and it needs local government supporting policies to guarantee it.

Typical Case

1 Relying on large-scale farms, specialization of energy utilization of manure

Taking Beijing Beijing Bio-Energy Technology Co., Ltd. as an example, the company has sold 200,000 pigs a year, signed a manure and urine purchase agreement with 32 pig farms and cooperatives in the county, collected and centralized treatment, and the government department conducted the collection of manure. Pricing. The enterprise invested 96.33 million yuan to build a 20,000 cubic meter biogas project, and processed 800 cubic meters of livestock and poultry manure per day. It can produce 6.6 million cubic meters of biogas per year and install a 2 megawatt biogas generator set. The on-grid price is 0.75 yuan/kW. At the time, the power generation in 2016 was 15.12 million kWh, and the income from power generation was 11.34 million yuan. The biogas slurry is separated by solid-liquid separation, and the solid part is produced for sale of organic fertilizer. The liquid part is used in the near field for water-soluble fertilizer. The annual sales income of organic fertilizer is 13 million yuan. The unused biogas slurry enters the urban sewage treatment plant for advanced treatment and reaches the standard discharge. .

2 Relying on the specialized energy utilization of third-party manure treatment enterprises

Taking Kaiyuan Energy Technology Co., Ltd. as an example, most of the solid manure from the pig farms in Longyou County was entrusted to the company for treatment. The 16 fully enclosed suction trucks regularly collected solid manure from the farms, with an annual collection of 180,000 tons. 72% of the county. The company invested 80 million yuan to build an anaerobic fermentation biogas project, forming a 2 MW generator set for grid-connected power generation. The annual power generation capacity is 12 million kWh, the power generation on-grid price is 1.1 yuan/kWh, and the annual power generation income is 13.2 million yuan. Biogas residue produces 16,000 tons of organic fertilizer, which is mainly distributed to farmers through centralized government procurement. The annual income is 4 million yuan; the biogas slurry is concentrated and 10 times concentrated to produce liquid concentrated fertilizer. The annual output is about 15,000 tons, and the remaining 90%. The biogas slurry is treated to the highest level.

Solid manure composting utilization mode

The main manure of pigs, beef cattle, laying hens, broiler chickens and sheep scale farms is mainly used. After the aerobic composting is harmlessly treated, the farmland is used or organic fertilizer is produced.

The main advantages of the model characteristics are: high aerobic fermentation temperature, thorough treatment of fecal harmlessness, short fermentation cycle; composting treatment increases the added value of feces.

The main deficiency: the aerobic composting process is prone to generate a lot of odor.

Scope of application: It is suitable for large-scale broilers, laying hens or sheep farms with only solid manure and no sewage.

Typical Case

1 Raw pig scale farm organic fertilizer production

Take Hunan Xinguang'an Organic Fertilizer Treatment Center as an example. The company invested 25 million yuan to build an organic fertilizer production base with an area of ​​over 10,000 square meters and an annual production capacity of 40,000 tons. The pig manure, biogas residue and rice collected. After the shell powder and other auxiliary materials are mixed according to a certain ratio, the tank type fermentation or the strip type composting fermentation is carried out, and after the late maturing, the commercial organic fertilizer is produced by drying, sieving and the like. Each year, the base handles about 18,000 tons of solid manure and biogas residue from its own farm. It also collects and treats more than 12,000 tons of manure or biogas residue from small and medium-sized farms through 8-15 people. In 2016, the actual production of organic fertilizer was 13,000 tons, the cost per ton of organic fertilizer was about 700 yuan, and the average profit per ton was about 100 yuan.

Fecal litter recycling mode

Based on the high content of cellulose in the cow manure and the soft texture, the solid waste of the cow dung is separated and the solid manure is treated with aerobic fermentation and then reused as a cattle mattress material. After the sewage is stored, it is used as a fertilizer for farmland utilization.

The main advantages of the model features: cow dung instead of sand and soil as a litter, reducing the difficulty of subsequent treatment of manure.

Main disadvantages: As the litter is not completely treated, it may have certain biosafety risks.

Scope of application: Suitable for large-scale dairy farms.

Sewage fertilizer utilization mode

After the effluent from the farm is treated by anaerobic fermentation or oxidation pond storage, the innocent treated sewage and irrigation water are mixed according to a certain ratio during the fertilizer and irrigation period of the farmland, and the integrated application of water and fertilizer is carried out, and the solid manure is used for composting fermentation. Use it near the fertilizer or entrust others to do centralized treatment.

Main features of the model: After the anaerobic fermentation of the sewage or the harmless treatment of the oxidation pond, the organic fertilizer water resources are provided for the farmland to solve the sewage treatment pressure.

The main shortcomings: there must be a certain volume of storage facilities, supporting a certain area of ​​farmland; supporting the construction of manure pipeline network or the purchase of manure transport vehicles.

Scope of application: It is suitable for large-scale pig farms or dairy farms with a certain area of ​​farmland. In the south, it is suitable to use anaerobic fermentation to produce biogas and other harmless treatment. In the north, it should be directly used in the oxidation pond for storage, during the field crop irrigation and fertilization. Water and fertilizer integrated application.

Typical Case

1 "fruit-marsh-animal" integrated use of water and fertilizer

Take the water and fertilizer integration project of the 1000-mu ecological orchard in the Liangjia River Basin in Yan'an, Shaanxi Province as an example. The project is implemented in accordance with the idea of ​​“fixing the fruit with the fruit, fixing the animal with the marsh, and promoting the fruit with the animal”. The total investment of the project is 2.2 million yuan. The technical standard of “Jianfei” has built a 200-cubic biogas project and a 1000-mu water and fertilizer integration demonstration project in the Liangjiahe Mountain Apple Garden. It can handle 1,800 tons of manure in the Liangjia River Basin livestock and poultry farm, and can produce 1600 tons of biogas slurry per year. It can meet the application of organic fertilizer in 1000 acres of apple orchard in Liangjia River Basin. Through the implementation of the “fruit-marsh-animal” model, the resources of livestock and poultry manure in the Liangjia River Basin have been utilized, and the total consumption in the region has been reached. The organic fertilizer (biogas slurry) has replaced 60% of the chemical fertilizer.

2 sewage anaerobic fermentation centralized collection and return to field use

Take Qiantang Village in Longyou County as an example. There are 6 large-scale pig farms in the village, nearly 15,000 pigs. The sewage is treated harmlessly by anaerobic fermentation. The biogas slurry is matched with the 3800 mu planting base in the village. The use of the field, a total of 18,000 cubic meters of biogas tanks, 18 kilometers of irrigation pipe network, about 60,000 tons of biogas slurry, about 300 tons of fertilizer, and 150 yuan of fertilizer per acre. The cost savings of more than 500,000 yuan, the farmers have received benefits.

Author: XXX; Source: Farmer's Daily; agricultural futures to reproduce this network to disseminate more information purposes only, does not mean Ben Wang approved the text of the opinion. If the author of the reprinted article believes that there is something wrong with this website, please contact us at 010-51289506. This website will immediately negotiate with you and resolve related matters.

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Article Keywords: Energy Netease Construction

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