Glass tableware is so beautiful, why is it not seen in China?

[China Glass Network] The history of glass is very old, and it is also true in China. However, compared with porcelain, the Chinese people's feelings for glassware have been relatively weak, and they do not care about them. The development of Chinese glass is not known. Glass has appeared in every aspect of life. In addition to the bottle and cup plate, there is also an image that was previously unimaginable, such as a pot for cooking vegetables. In fact, today we may not know more about glass than porcelain. In the future, we may completely like glassware again.

The history of glass is very long. Natural glass, called black rock, is a vitreous volcanic rock. In ancient times, it has become a material for making tools and utensils.

The main component of the glass is silica, which has a melting point of up to 1650 degrees, but with the addition of sodium carbonate (soda) and potassium carbonate, which can lower the melting point to more than 1000 degrees and can be processed, while the early stage of sodium carbonate comes from the ash. Or the ashes of seaweed.

Man-made glass may have been born in Mesopotamia about 4,500 BC earlier, and glassware has been used in Egypt in the third millennium BC. At that time, the glass, in addition to the decoration, had been made into a vessel. The method of making it was probably using clay as a blank, pulling the molten glass into strips, turning the pile in the blank, or sticking the broken glass on the blank. After heating, after cooling, the adobe can be removed. The blown glassware is the same as the ceramic turntable blank, which is an epoch-making invention. The blowing technology is characterized by the plasticity of the glass in a certain temperature range. The hollow frit is used to pick out the glass frit from the furnace, one person blows air at one end, and the glass frit at the other end is blown into a spherical shape. At this time, it can be shaped by tools such as scissors and molds. The blowing operation usually requires several people to cooperate in the Roman Empire, and the glass making techniques are widely spread. The glass blowing method invented by the Phoenicians is a milestone in the history of glass manufacturing.

Venetian glass witnessed the unprecedented prosperity of the glass industry in the 16th and 17th centuries. Hot-formed glass and ice-cracked glass were the result of the more popular glass finishing technology. In the 17th and 18th centuries, high-quality colorless glass appeared in Central Europe, and the engraving and engraving technology of glass became the dominant decorative process. In the 18th century, Bohemia (now located in the central and western parts of the Czech Republic, including Prague) was the leader in the production of stained glass.

At the 19th Century Paris World Expo, the British rainbow glass was displayed on the front. The metal component is a color former of glass. Adding lead oxide to obtain a dazzling crystal glass, a small amount of manganese is light green, more manganese is elegant and pale purple, a small amount of cobalt is bright blue, tin oxide and arsenic oxide are opaque frosted white, and copper oxide is added. Antique greenish green, metallic copper is dark red, the amount of nickel added is blue, dark purple, black, titanium is added to brown, yellow amount of gold can make glass bright if ruby, add uranium to yellow or green, silver compound It can be orange to yellow in Europe. The church in Europe was destroyed in large numbers. Later, people found that some colored glass could not be copied in the process of repairing. Because the ancient coloring process has been lost in China, the glass has long been used as a supplement to jade, and it has appeared in the Spring and Autumn Period of the Warring States Period. Lead bismuth silicate glass, the products of which are glass enamel, glass beads and the like. Because the composition is different from the western soda lime glass, some people think that Chinese glass products have an independent origin.

In ancient China, the glass was called “glazed”, “lu”, “璆琳”, “medicine jade”, etc. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there were also titles such as “glass” and “material”. People who collect and study ancient Chinese glass are still used to talking about glass and glass art because of the relative cultural significance of glass. Ancient glass has long been used as a substitute for jade. The Han dynasty records that "the medicinal herbs are used as beads, and the essence is as true." Hunan Province, Changsha unearthed Warring States Valley grain glass 璧 Hunan Provincial Museum Tibetan Wars country grain grain glass sword head, the sword head is the jade ornament embedded in the handle of the sword, placed at the top of the hilt, the Chu State was the important glass at that time The place of production is to make up for the shortage of jade resources by glass production.

In the Ming Dynasty, due to the loss of northwestern control, there was no place for the production of jade in the territory, so the glass was also raised. The tomb of Zenghou Yi of the Warring States Period was identified as soda-lime silicate glass, which conforms to the chemical composition system and production process characteristics of commonly used glass in the West. It communicates with the glass of lead-bismuth glass that flourished during the Warring States Period in China. The East and West. The composition test showed that the blinking glass beads in the Tomb of the Warring States were mostly lead-stained glass fired in China, and a few were produced from western soda-lime glass, such as the tomb of Zenghou Yi. The western glass entered China and had earlier material evidence. The Yue Wang Gou Jian Jiange unearthed in Jiangling, Hubei, and the Wu Wangfu difference sword lattice unearthed in Huixian County, Henan Province, all have inlaid glass blocks. The tested composition is western soda lime glass. Time is in the late spring and autumn. The pale green duck-shaped glass note unearthed from the tomb of Fengyan Sufu in Beiyang, Liaoning Province, is believed to have come from the glass bowl of the Northern Wei Dynasty, which was unearthed from the Shanxi Museum of the Roman Empire. It is believed to have come from the Sassan Dynasty (the Sassan Dynasty ruled Persia in 226 AD). Until the 651 AD was conquered by the Arabs) Ningxia Guyuan Museum Tibetan North Zhou Lixian tomb unearthed glass bowl, Sasang Dynasty Famen Temple underground palace unearthed maple leaf pattern gold blue glass plate Famen Temple Digong unearthed glass tea pot tea to the Palace Museum Tibetan Qingzheng Zhenghuang glass The velvet slag bucket was in the Qing Dynasty, and the gorgeous palace glassware was comparable to the western glass art of the same period.

In the Qing Dynasty, in addition to the glass factory of the Qingyang Temple, the famous glassware is also known as Shandong Boshan, Guangzhou, Beijing and Suzhou. The folk glass industry was greatly affected by the court. The uploading of the priests introduced Western crafts. According to the records, only Boshan glassware can sell more than 7,000 pieces per year. Beijing does not produce glass frit, but buys the strip from Boshan. After low-temperature heating and melting, the folk artisans make animals, melons and other materials. This is why the small glass in the north is called the “feeder”. In the period of this period, the snuff bottle became a representative of folk glassware, and its technical level is very high, but it is a small skill in the hearts of Chinese people. Ma Weidu believes that today's better snuff bottle collections are all in Europe.

Why do Chinese people don't care about glassware?

1. We have porcelain porcelain with better performance. It has poor thermal conductivity, is not hot, and will not explode when it is extremely cold and hot. Therefore, it is a very practical material. After a long history of development, Chinese porcelain has accumulated a high degree of technical and artistic achievements, with strong applicability and low cost. So it became the preferred of everyday utensils.

2, the difference in beverage culture China's brewing hot tea and porcelain complement each other, while Western wine and radiant crystal glass complement each other.

3, aesthetic differences Chinese people are subtle, advocating warm and graceful, do not like the things exposed, and reject the so-called "fire", too bright and also known as "thief light." The ancient Chinese glaze is also mostly introverted, focusing on the inner and the tension. Correspondingly, Western art pays more attention to the expression of external forms. The modern glass products that can touch people’s hearts are mainly from abroad.

Memory Foam Mattress Topper

Foam Mattress Topper,Memory Foam Bed Topper,Gel Memory Foam Topper,Memory Foam Mattress Topper

Nantong Wenbo Foam Art Co.,Ltd , https://www.ntwbmemoryfoam.com